Every child develops according to his or its own biological clock. A girl may enter puberty at the beginning of the end of the age of 9 or 15 and still considered normal. Puberty changes triggered by the pituitary gland, the structure of peas at the base of the brain and under the influence of the hypothalamus gland. Before puberty begins, the higher brain function prevents the hypothalamus from the pituitary gland begin allowing release the hormone. Puberty begins when the hypothalamus gland allows the pituitary gland to release chemical messengers called hormones. The hormone in turn stimulates the growth and development of reproductive organs, and associated changes to the entire body. A hormone secreted by the pituitary gland, for example, cause a girl's ovaries to produce estrogen. In boys, the hormones released by the pituitary signal the testes to produce testosterone. Estrogen and testosterone stimulate a child's development of secondary sex characteristics, such as breast development in girls and facial hair growth in boys. Fluctuations in hormone levels can also bring on mood swings familiar adolescent. These tides are difficult for both children and parents to handle, but they are an inevitable part of puberty.
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